By now we have all read Francis address at the
end of the recent Extraordinary Synod, so I thought it would be useful to repeat the Final Address given
by John Paul II to the Synod on the family in 1980 so readers could
compare and contrast the two Addresses and decide for themselves which address
gives the impression of arising from faithfully Catholic Synod.
The link to the Address by John Paul II is here
The link to the Address by Francis is here.
The Address of John Paul II is, for ease of access, reproduced from the above link (with thanks to to 'Catholic Household'):
We have just heard the apostle St. Paul giving thanks to
God for the Church at Corinth “that in every way it was enriched in Christ
Jesus, with all speech and all knowledge” (cf. I Cor 1:5). We too feel impelled
at this moment first and foremost to give thanks to the Father, the Son and the
Holy Spirit, before we bring this Synod of Bishops to an end.
We came together to celebrate it, whether as members or as
assistants, in the mystery of that supreme unity which belongs to the most Holy
Trinity. It is to the Holy Trinity therefore that we express our thanks that we
have completed the Synod, which is an outstanding sign of vigor and of great
importance for the life of the Church. For the Synod of Bishops—to use the
words of the council, in accordance with whose wishes the Supreme Pontiff Paul
VI instituted it “acting for the whole Catholic episcopate, is a sign that all
the bishops in hierarchical communion share in the cares of the universal
Church” (Christus Dominus, 5).
We give thanks together for these four weeks during which
we have been working. This period of time, even before the issuing of the final
statements (that is, the message and the propositions) has borne fruit in us,
because truth and love seem to have matured in us by a gradual process as the
days and weeks have passed. It is right to mention this process, and briefly to
describe how it became clear. It thus becomes plain how honestly and sincerely
were manifested in it both liberty and a responsible sense of duty regarding
the theme that we were discussing.
We wish today to give thanks first to him “who sees in
secret” (Mt 6:4) and works as a “hidden God,” because he has directed our
thoughts, our hearts and our consciences and enabled us to press on with our
work in fraternal peace and spiritual joy. Indeed, such was our joy that we
hardly felt the burden of work or exhaustion. And yet, how tiring it in fact
was! But you did not spare yourselves in the work.
We must also express thanks among ourselves. First of all,
this must be said: we must all attribute that process by which, in a way that
gradually matured, we “did the truth in charity,” to the urgent prayers which
the whole Church as it were standing around as has been pouring out at this
time. This prayer was for the Synod and for families: for the Synod, in that it
was concerned with families, and for families, because of the tasks they have
to perform in the Church and in the world of today. The Synod benefited from
these prayers in a quite extraordinary way. Continual and abundant prayer was
made to God, especially on 12 October, when couples, representing the families
of the entire world, came together to St Peter’s basilica to celebrate the
sacred rites and to pray with us. If we must thank one another, we must also
thank so many unknown benefactors who, throughout the world, helped us with
their prayers and offered their suffering to God for this Synod.
Now we come to the time for thanking one another by name,
and in this we include everybody who has helped in the celebration of this Synod:
there are the presidents, the secretary general, the relator general, the
members themselves, the special secretary and his assistants, the auditores and
auditrices, the people appointed to help the media, the departments of the
Roman Curia and especially the Consilium for the Family, and others, from the
ushers to the technical assistants, typists and so on.
We are all grateful that we have been able to complete this
Synod. It was an outstanding manifestation of the collegial care for the Church
of the bishops of the whole world. We are grateful that we have been able to
see the family as it really is in the Church and in the world of today,
considering the many different situations in which it finds itself; the
traditions drawn from various cultures which influence it; the aspects of
civilized life that shape and affect it; and other mailers of this sort.
We are grateful that we have been able again, with the
obedience of faith, to look at God’s eternal plan for the family manifested in
the mystery of creation, and strengthened with the blood of the Redeemer, the
Spouse of the Church. And finally we are grateful that we have been able to
define, according to the eternal design regarding life and love, the tasks of
the family in the Church and world of today.
The fruit which this Synod of 1980 brings forth here and
now is contained in the propositions, accepted by the assembly, of which the
first is entitled: “On knowing the will of God in the pilgrimage of the people
of God. On the sense of faith.” This rich treasury of propositions, 43 in
number, we now receive as a singularly precious fruit of the works of the
Synod. At the same time we express our joy that the assembly itself, publishing
its message, has spoken to the whole Church. The General Secretariat, with the
help of the organizations of the Apostolic See, will take care that this
message is sent to all whom it concerns, and the episcopal conferences will
help in this.
The deliberations of this Synod of 1980 and the contents of
the propositions certainly enable us to see the Christian and apostolic tasks
of the family in the world of today, and in a special way to draw them from the
total teaching of the Second Vatican Council. Thus, we make effective progress
along the road which must enable this Synod to put its doctrinal and pastoral
plans into effect.
With regard to this, this year’s Synod is closely connected
with the previous synods and is a continuation of the synods celebrated in 1971
and especially in 1974 and 1977, which have helped to put the Second Vatican
Council into practical effect and must continue to do so. These synods help the
Church in a fitting way to be as she must in the conditions of our age, and so
to present herself.
Within the work of this Synod must be considered of the
greatest usefulness the careful examination of doctrinal and pastoral questions
that especially needed such examination, and, in consequence, a sure and clear
judgment of these questions.
In the wealth of interventions, relations and conclusions
of this Synod, which greatly arouse our admiration there are two cardinal
points—namely, fidelity to the plan of God for the family, and a pastoral way
of acting which is full of merciful love and of the reverence that is owed to
men, and embraces all of them, in what concerns their “being” and “living.” In
all this there are some parts which have especially occupied the minds of the
Synod fathers, for they realized that they were expressing the expectations and
hopes of many couples and families.
It is right to mention these questions among the work of
the Synod, and to recognize the very useful examination that has carefully been
made of them: that is, the doctrinal and pastoral examination of questions
which, although they were not the only ones to be treated in the Synod’s
discussions, nonetheless had a special place there, in that they were discussed
in an especially open and free way. This means that importance must be attached
to the opinions that the Synod clearly and powerfully expressed on these
questions, while still retaining that Christian view, in which the family is
regarded as a gift of divine love.
So the Synod—when speaking of the pastoral care of those
who after divorce have entered on a new union—rightly praised those couples who
in spite of great difficulties witness in their life to the indissolubility of
marriage. In their life the Synod recognizes that good news of faithfulness to
love which has its power and its foundation in Christ. Furthermore, the fathers
of the Synod, again affirming the indissolubility of marriage and the Church’s
practice of not admitting to Eucharistic communion those who have been divorced
and—against her rule—again attempted marriage, urge pastors and the whole
Christian community to help such brothers and sisters. They do not regard them
as separated from the Church, since by virtue of their baptism they can and
must share in the life of the Church by praying, hearing the word, being
present at the community’s celebration of the Eucharist, and promoting charity
and justice. Although it must not be denied that such people can in suitable
circumstances be admitted to the sacrament of penance and then to Eucharistic
communion, when with a sincere heart they open themselves to a way of life that
is not in contradiction to the indissolubility of marriage—namely, when such a
man and woman, who cannot fulfill the obligation of separation, take on the
duty of living in total abstinence, that is, abstaining from acts that are
proper only to married couples—and when there is no scandal.
Nonetheless, the lack of sacramental reconciliation with
God should not deter them from perseverance in prayer, in penance and in the
exercise of charity, in order that they may eventually receive the grace of
conversion and salvation. Meanwhile the Church, praying for them and
strengthening them in faith and hope, must show herself a merciful mother
towards them.
The fathers of the Synod were close in mind and spirit to
the great difficulties that many couples feel in their conscience about the
moral laws concerning the transmission of life and the protection of human
life. Knowing that every divine precept carries with it promise and grace, they
openly confirmed the validity and the sure truth of the prophetic message, full
of deep meaning for the conditions of today, which is contained in the
encyclical Humanae Vitae. The Synod has encouraged theologians to join forces
with the hierarchical magisterium so that the biblical basis and the
“personalistic” reasons (as they are called) for this doctrine may be ever more
clearly made known, so that the entire teaching of the Church may become
accessible to all men of good will, and may be every day more clearly
understood.
Thinking of those who have pastoral care of married couples
and families, the synod fathers rejected any split or “dichotomy” between
instruction (which is necessary for any progress in fulfilling the design of
God) and doctrine (taught by the Church with all its consequences and which
includes the command to live according to that doctrine). It is not a matter of
keeping the law as a mere “ideal” to be obeyed in the future. It is a question
of the command of Christ the Lord that difficulties should constantly be
overcome. In fact, the “law of gradualness,” as it is called, is not possible unless
a person sincerely obeys the divine law and seeks those benefits that are
protected and promoted by that law. For “the law of gradualness” (or gradual
progress) cannot be the same as “gradualness of the law” as if there were
various grades or forms of commandment for different men and circumstances in
the divine law.
All couples are called to holiness in marriage according to
the divine plan; and the dignity of this vocation becomes effective when a
person is able to respond to the command of God with a serene mind, trusting in
divine grace and his own will.
So it is not enough for couples—if they are not both of the
same religious persuasion—to accommodate themselves passively and easily to
their circumstances, but they should strive with patience and good will to come
to a common intention to be faithful to the duties of Christian marriage.
The Synod fathers have acquired a deeper knowledge and
awareness of the riches that are to be found in the cultural forms of different
peoples and of the good things that every cultural form has to offer, the more
fully the unsearchable mystery of Christ is understood. They have also
recognized that—even within the confines of marriage and the home—there is a
great field for theological and pastoral study, so that the adaptation of the
gospel message to the character of each people may be better fostered and so
that it may be learnt how the customs, special characteristics, the sense of
life and the unique spirit of each human culture may be combined with the data of
the divine revelation (Ad Gentes, 22).
This research—if carried on according to the principle of
communion of the universal Church and with the encouragement of local bishops,
who should be united among themselves and with the See of Peter “which presides
over the whole assembly of charity” (LG 13) —will bring forth its fruits for
families.
The Synod spoke timely and persuasive words with reverence
and gratitude about woman, about her dignity and vocation as a daughter of God,
as wife and mother. Reproving whatever harms her human dignity, the Synod
stressed the dignity of motherhood. It therefore rightly said that human
society should be so constituted that women are not obliged to work outside the
home at a job or profession, but that the family should be able to live
properly even when the mother devotes herself entirely to the family.
If we have mentioned these important questions and the
replies that the Synod gave to them, we do not wish to value any less the other
matters that the Synod dealt with, for, as has been shown in many interventions
in these useful and fruitful weeks, these are questions worthy of being treated
in the teaching and pastoral ministry of the Church with great reverence and
love, full of mercy, towards men and women, our brothers and sisters, who fly
to the Church for words of faith and hope. May pastors, taking their example
from the Synod, address themselves to these problems, as they truly are in
married and family life, with care and a firm will, that we may all “do the
truth in charity.”
Now we wish to add something as the fruit of the labors
that we have been carrying out for more than four weeks: that is, that nobody
can “do charity” except in the truth. This principle can be applied to the life
of every family no less than the life and work of pastors who truly mean to
serve families.
So the principal fruit of this session of the Synod is that
the tasks of Christian family, of which charity is as it were the heart, should
only be full according to the whole truth. All in the Church who wish to help
in the fulfilment of these tasks—be they lay people, clerics, or religious of
either sex—can or this in the truth. For it is truth that sets free; it is
truth that brings order: it is truth which opens the way to holiness and justice.
We have seen what the love of Christ is, what that charity
is that is offered all who make up a family in the Church and in the world: not
only to husband wives, but also to boys and girls and young people, and also to
widow orphans, to grandparents, and to all who in any way share in family life.
For these the Church of Christ wishes to be and wishes to remain both a witness
gate to that fullness of life of which St. Paul speaks to the Corinthians in
the words that we heard at the beginning: for we have been made rich in all
things in Jesus with all speech and all knowledge (I Cor 1:5).
John Paul II